I-A3 / B4 ibhekisela ebangeni lekhwalithi yamafutha enjini futhi lihambisana nekhwalithi yekhwalithi ye-A3 / B4 ku-Acea (i-European Automobile Advereser Association Association). Amabanga aqala nge- "A" amele ukucaciswa kwamafutha enjini kaphethiloli. Njengamanje, bahlukaniswe ngamabanga amahlanu: A1, A2, A3, A4, no-A5. Amabanga aqala nge- "B" amele ukucaciswa kwamafutha ezinjini aphansi wedizili futhi okwamanje ahlukaniswe ngamabanga amahlanu: B1, B2, B3, B4, kanye ne-B5.
Izindinganiso ze-Acea zithuthukiswa cishe njalo eminyakeni emibili. Amazinga wakamuva yinguqulo ye-2016 0 (ngonyaka we-2016), inguqulo 1 (ngonyaka we-2017), kanye nenguqulo 2 (ngonyaka we-2018). Ngokulandelana, izindinganiso zokuqinisekisa zabakhiqizi bezimoto ezahlukahlukene nazo zithuthukiswa unyaka nonyaka. Kwi-Volkswagen VW Certification efanayo ne-Mercedes-Benz MB 229.5 isitifiketi, kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlukanisa ukuthi ngabe bathuthukiswa yini kumazinga wakamuva. Lezo ezihlale zizimisele ukukhuphula ukuze zikhombise ukuzikhuza nokuphishekela ikhwalithi nokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, sekuvele kahle uma uwoyela we-injini ungahlangabezana nezitifiketi, futhi kungenzeka ungazimisele njalo ukuhambisana nokuthuthuka.
Uchungechunge lwe-Acea C lusetshenziselwa izinjini zikaphethiloli kanye nezinjini zedizili ye-Light-Douty Diesel nezinhlelo zangemva kokukhanya. Phakathi kwazo, i-ACEA C1 ne-C4 bangama-SAPS aphansi (umlotha we-sulfated, phosphorus, kanye nesibabule) izindinganiso zamafutha enjini, ngenkathi i-ACEA C5, C3, kanye ne-C5 amazinga kawoyela e-SAPS Injini ye-SAPS.
Iphuzu elijwayelekile phakathi kwamazinga we-C3 ne-A3 / B4 ukuthi inani eliphakeme lokushisa i-shear (HTHS) ≥ 3.5. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi umuntu ungowokuqukethwe okuphakathi komlotha ngenkathi enye ingeyokuqukethwe okuphezulu komlotha. Lokho kusho ukuthi, akunakuba khona uwoyela ohlangabezana ne-A3 / B4 ne-C3 ngasikhathi sinye.
Umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwe-C3 no-A3 / B4 uchungechunge lusemikhawulweni yesekhi, ikakhulukazi isibabule ne-phosphorus. Bangenza ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwendlela yokuguqula indlela emithathu ye-catalytic, kanye nokuqukethwe ngokweqile komlotha kungadala ukwehluleka kwesihlungi se-DPF (Diesel Canter Filter) ezimotweni zedizili. Ngakho-ke, abakhiqizi bezimoto zaseYurophu babeke imingcele kulezi zinkomba ezintathu ngasikhathi sinye, okwenza amazinga e-C amasha. Uchungechunge lwe-C lwethulwe cishe iminyaka engama-20. Kunenqwaba yezimoto ezididiyelwa emakethe yaseYurophu, ngakho-ke leli Zinga libhekiswe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, eChina, lokhu kungenzeka kungenjalo. Ama-95% ezimoto zabagibeli eChina yizimoto ezinamandla kaphethiloli ngaphandle kwama-DPF, ngakho-ke umkhawulo wokuqukethwe ash akayona into enkulu. Uma imoto yakho ingakhathaleli kakhulu ngesiguquli se-catalytic amathathu, ungasebenzisa ngokuphelele uwoyela we-A3 / B4. Izimoto zikaphethiloli ezihlangabezana nezimo zikazwelonke zaseChina zaseChina futhi ngezansi azinazinkinga ezinkulu ngokusebenzisa uwoyela we-A3 / B4. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwethulwa kwe-GPF (i-petroline performaticount Filter) E-China's National VI CREDARI Izithuthi, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-A3 / B4 kunomthelela omkhulu, kanye nekhwalithi kawoyela ngenxa yalokho kuphoqelekile ukuthi kuthuthukiswe kumazinga e-C. Kunomunye umehluko phakathi kwe-A3 / B4 ne-C3: leyo yi-TBN (inani eliphelele lesisekelo). I-A3 / B4 idinga i-TBN> 10, ngenkathi uchungechunge lwe-C ludinga kuphela i-TBN> 6.0. Kunezizathu ezimbili zalokhu. Okokuqala, ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwe-Ash kuholela ekwehleni kwenombolo eyisisekelo, engasakwazi ukuba phezulu njengakuqala. Okwesibili, ngokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi kaphethiloli, i-TBN ayidingi ukuba yilokho okuphezulu. Esikhathini esedlule, lapho ikhwalithi kaphethiloli eChina yayimpofu, i-TBN ephezulu ye-A3 / B4 yayibaluleke kakhulu. Manje njengoba ikhwalithi kaphethiloli seke ngcono futhi okuqukethwe se-sulfur kwehle, ukubaluleka kwaso akukuhle. Vele, ezifundeni ezinekhwalithi kaphethiloli engelutho, ukusebenza kwe-A3 / B4 kusengcono kunalokho kwe-C3. Umehluko wesithathu ulele emnothweni kaphethiloli. Izinga le-A3 / B4 alinazo izidingo zokomnotho kaphethiloli, ngenkathi amafutha enjini ahlangana zombili izimfuneko ze-ACEA C3 ne-API SP zinezidingo eziqinile zokomnotho wezomnotho, ukuvikelwa kwe-camshaft, nokuvikelwa kwekhefu lesikhathi, kanye nokuvikelwa kwejubane lejubane eliphansi. Ukufingqa, umehluko obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe-A3 / B4 ne-C3 ukuthi i-C3 ingumkhiqizo onama-SAPS aphakathi naphansi (okuqukethwe ash). Ngokuya kwamanye amapharamitha, i-C3 ingamboza ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwe-A3 / B4 futhi ihlangabezana ne-Euro VI neChina
Isikhathi sePosi: Dec-13-2024