I-Automotive Engine Repair Basics
Yonke injini, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isemotweni, iloli, isithuthuthu, noma enye imoto, inezingxenye ezifanayo eziyisisekelo.Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-cylinder block, i-cylinder head, ama-pistons, ama-valve, izinduku zokuxhuma, kanye ne-crankshaft.Ukuze zisebenze kahle, zonke lezi zingxenye kufanele zisebenze ndawonye ngokuvumelana.Ukwehluleka kokukodwa kungabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwenjini.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zokulimala kwenjini:
● Ukulimala kwenjini yangaphakathi
● Ukulimala kwenjini yangaphandle, kanye
● Ukulimala kwesistimu yesibaseli
Ukulimala kwenjini yangaphakathi kwenzeka uma kukhona okungahambi kahle enjinini ngokwayo.Lokhu kungase kubangelwe izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa i-valve enephutha, ama-piston ring asegugile, noma i-crankshaft eyonakele.
Ukulimala kwenjini yangaphandle kwenzeka lapho okuthile kungahambi kahle ngaphandle kwenjini, njengokuvuza kwerediyetha noma ibhande lesikhathi eliphukile.Ukulimala kwesistimu yesibaseli kungadalwa izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa isihlungi sikaphethiloli esivalekile noma umjovo ongasebenzi kahle.
Ukulungiswa kwenjini kuhilela ukuhlola noma ukuhlola izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokulimala nokuzilungisa noma ukushintshwa kwazo - konke ngosizo lwamathuluzi ahlukene okukhanda injini yemoto.
Amathuluzi Ayisisekelo Okulungisa Injini Nokugcina
Ukuze ulungise umonakalo wenjini, uzodinga amathuluzi ahlukahlukene.Lawa mathuluzi angahlukaniswa abe izigaba ezintathu: amathuluzi okuhlola injini, amathuluzi okuhlakaza injini, namathuluzi okuhlanganisa injini.Hlola uhlu olungezansi, luqukethe amathuluzi okulungisa injini okufanele ngabe wonke umakhenikha (noma u-DIY-er) abe nawo.
1. I-Wrench Torque
Isikrufu setorque sisebenzisa inani elithile letorque kusixhumi, njengenadi noma ibhawudi.Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa oomakhenikha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhawodi aqiniswe kahle.Ama-torque wrenches afika ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene nosayizi, futhi anikezela ngezici ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa kwawo okuhlosiwe.
2. I-Socket & Ratchet Set
Isethi yesokhethi iqoqo lamasokhethi alingana ku-ratchet, okuyithuluzi eliphathwa ngesandla elingaphendulelwa kunoma iyiphi indlela ukuze lixege noma liqinise amabhawodi namantongomane.Lawa mathuluzi athengiswa ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene nezinhlobo.Qiniseka ukuthi unezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kusethi yakho.
3. Ibha yebreaker
I-breaker bar iyinduku ende, eqinile yensimbi esetshenziselwa ukunikeza amandla angeziwe lapho kuxegiswa noma kuqiniswa amabhawodi namantongomane.Kungelinye lamathuluzi abalulekile okulungisa injini, futhi liwusizo ikakhulukazi kuzibopheli ezinenkani okunzima ukuzisusa.
4. Izikulufa
Njengoba igama liphakamisa, ama-screwdriver asetshenziselwa ukuqinisa noma ukukhulula izikulufu.Ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nokwakheka, kuye ngohlobo lwesikulufu eziklanyelwe ukuxegisa noma ukuqinisa.Qiniseka ukuthi unesethi ehlanganisa okuhlukahlukene kokubili.
5. Isethi ye-Wrench
Isethi ye-wrench ingelinye lamathuluzi okulungisa injini yemoto asetshenziswa kakhulu.Isethi empeleni iqoqo lama-wrenches alingana ku-ratchet.Ama-Wrenches afika ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ukwakheka kanye nezinto zokwakha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi unezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kusethi yakho.
6. Udladla
Amapulangwe angamathuluzi enjini yesandla owasebenzisayo ukubamba nokubamba izinto.Kunezinhlobo ezehlukene ezahlukene zaleli thuluzi, okuhlanganisa iphinifa lekhala eliyisicaba, iphinifa lezinaliti nekhala lokukhiya.Uhlobo olujwayeleke kakhulu lwephinifa yiphini eliguquguqukayo, elingasetshenziswa ukubamba nokubamba izinto ezinokwakheka nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene.
7. Izando
Isando sisetshenziselwa ukushaya noma ukucofa izinto.Ingelinye lamathuluzi okukhanda injini asetshenziswa omakhenikha uma besebenza ezingxenyeni ezahlukene, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqaqa.Eminye imisebenzi yokufaka izingxenye nayo izodinga ukuthepha okuthambile kwesando.
8. Impact Wrench
Ama-wrenches omphumela anikwe amandla, amathuluzi okulungisa injini yezimoto asetshenziselwa ukukhulula noma ukuqinisa amabhawodi namantongomane.Isebenza ngokusebenzisa isenzo sokusando ukukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu we-torque.Ama-wrenches anomthelela afika ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, izimo kanye nezinto zokwakha, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha okulungile komsebenzi.
9. Amafaneli
Lawa angamathuluzi amise okwekhoni asetshenziselwa ukuthela uketshezi olufana nowoyela noma isipholile.Lawa mathuluzi enjini yemoto ahlukene ngosayizi, kuya ngosayizi wesitsha asetshenziswa kuso.Kubalulekile ukukhetha usayizi ofanele womsebenzi ukuze ungagcini usudala umonakalo.
10. Ujeke nojeke izinti
Lokhu kulungiswa kwamathuluzi enjini yemoto kukusiza ukuthi uphakamise imoto yakho ukuze ukwazi ukusebenza kuyo kalula.Uma uzokwenza noma yikuphi ukulungisa injini, kubalulekile ukuba nojeke nezitendi zojeke zekhwalithi enhle.Ama-Chocks abaluleke ngokulinganayo uma kuziwa ekuphepheni.Qiniseka ukuthi unazo.
11. Isitendi senjini
Isitendi senjini sisekela futhi sigcine injini isendaweni lapho isasebenza.Ingelinye lamathuluzi umakhenikha abalulekile njengoba livimba injini ukuthi ingagingqiki.Izitendi zenjini zitholakala ngosayizi nezitayela ezahlukene;khetha eyodwa efanele umsebenzi owenziwayo.
Lawa amanye amathuluzi abalulekile okulungisa injini adingwa yiwo wonke umakhenikha.Yebo, ziningi ezinye izinhlobo zamathuluzi ezingaba usizo ezimweni ezihlukahlukene, kodwa yilawo okungenzeka uwadinga kakhulu nsuku zonke.Ngalawa mathuluzi, uzokwazi ukubhekana nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokulungisa noma wokulungisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-17-2023