Izinhlelo zokupholisa izimoto ziyizinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziqala ukuqina futhi ziqinile ukuthola, inkonzo kanye nokulungisa. Le ndatshana nguMike Dubois izonikeza imininingwane ethile ngokukhetha amathuluzi afanele nemishini kanye nezinhlobo zokulungiswa ezizokuvumela ukuthi uqede.
Izimoto, oh! Labo bamangalisa, abangaqondakali, abathukuthelisi, izinto ezisinikeza wonke umthombo wemali engenayo, izinhlungu, injabulo, ukudumazeka kanye nokumangala ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ikholomu yale nyanga imayelana nesinye sezingxenye zemoto okungeyona into ebukeka ngayo noma lokho okuqanjwe ngayo - uhlelo lokupholisa. Ngakho-ke ngazi ukuthi iningi lakho selivele liphambi kwami lapha! Futhi uma noma yimuphi wabafowethu bokuthengisa abafunda lokhu, ngizwa lawo masondo aphenduka. Cabanga nge-TV yezentengiselwano yeloli elisha le-testosterone-Powered Pickup elisha. Ummemezeli uyaqhubeka futhi mayelana nezici, amahhashi, igumbi lekhabethe njll., Njll.
"I-XR13 Sport Pickup Truck ifaka iphakethe lokudonsa ngokususwa okunamandla kohlelo lokushisa."
Huh?!? Akakuqedi ngqo ulimi oludala, manje akwenza? Hhayi, ngeshwa abafana namantombazane, lokho kusemthethweni lokho uhlelo lokupholisa izimoto (empeleni noma yiluphi uhlelo lokupholisa) lwenziwa. Isusa ukushisa. Ukupholisa, isimo somoya, lezi yizimo ngokuncishiswa kokushisa. Kulabo kini ngezinkumbulo ezinde nonke nina bancane abangazange baphumile esikoleni isikhathi eside, uzokhumbula uthisha wakho we-physics ukhuluma ngamandla, ukunyakaza kwama-athomu, i-zzz ... oh ngiyaxolisa! Ngakhipha lapho umzuzu! (Lokho kwenzeka okokuqala ngqa ukube bekuzwa futhi ngachaza ukuthi kungani ngisasebenza ngenkani esikhundleni sokuphila esiqhingini esiphuza iziphuzo ze-foofy kuzo.)
Izinhlelo zokupholisa izimoto ziyizinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi eziqala ukuqina futhi ziqinile ukuthola, inkonzo kanye nokulungisa. Le ndatshana izonikeza imininingwane ethile ngokukhetha amathuluzi nemishini kanye nezinhlobo zokulungiswa zizokuvumela ukuthi uqede.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemisebenzi eziphambili ozobizwa ngazo ukuze uzenzele ezimotweni zamakhasimende akho: insizakalo, ukuxilongwa nokulungiswa. Ake sibheke le misebenzi ngasikhathi sinye.
Insiza yohlelo lokupholisa
Inkonzo yohlelo lokupholisa ngokuvamile yakhiwa yimisebenzi eyenziwa kwimoto esebenzayo noma elolini njengengxenye yokulungiswa kokuvimbela noma ngokusekelwe ezincomeni ze-OEM zenkonzo ngesikhathi esithile noma ngezikhathi ezithile. Le nsizakalo kufanele ifake okungenani okungenani, ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kohlelo lokupholisa, ukuhlaziya okupholile, ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza, kanye nokubuyiselwa kokuphola kwemoto.
Ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kungathatha izindlela ezimbalwa ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngokuthi ikhasimende lisho noma yiziphi izimo ezingajwayelekile. Lokhu kungafaka ukulahleka kokuphola, ukuhogela iphunga elivuthayo noma okupholile, okushibhile njll. Uma kungekho nalaba izikhalazo ezikhona, ukuhlolwa okusondele kohlelo kufanele kwanele.
Ukubonakala Kwezakhi Ezimotweni Kuya ngokuya kunzima futhi kube nzima ngokwengeziwe. Ithuluzi elilodwa elikhulu elihle okuyisigcini sesikhathi yi-morescope yevidiyo. Ngenkathi kube khona ama-borescopes wezokwelapha atholakala kochwepheshe iminyaka, izindleko zazingavunyelwe abaningi. Kunemikhiqizo emisha emakethe manje enikezela ukuthathwa kwevidiyo, namanje ukuthwebula izithombe, amandla okulanda kwikhompyutha yakho, izihlungi ze-UV, amakhanda amancane abubanzi, futhi manje sekunekhono ngokwengeziwe kuchwepheshe wezimoto. Lawa mathuluzi akuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele ezindaweni zemoto ebizodinga ukungafani ukuze ubone.
Lapho usuhlolile imoto yokuvuza, ama-hoses alimele noma abuthakathaka, amabhande abalandeli athambile, ukulimala kwe-radiator, i-condenser, kuhlolwe i-fan clutch yokuvuza nokusebenza okufanele, sekuyisikhathi sokuhlola igazi lesiguli. Kulungile, lokho kungahle kube kubi kakhulu, kepha ngathola ukunakwa kwakho akunjalo? Engikhuluma ngakho yi-CoolAnt. Kwake kwaba isikhathi, sonke savele nje sidonsa ipulaki, sikhiphe sayibiza ngokuthi usuku. Hhayi-ke, hhayi ngokushesha lapho, kuvunguza! Izimoto eziningi zanamuhla zihlome ngokuphola okunempilo ende kakhulu. Ezinye zilinganiselwa ngamamayela angama-50 000 enkonzo. Ngakho-ke, manje ini? Umgomo wakho ukuthola ukuthi ngabe ukupholisa kusakwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ekubizweni nasekuqhwakulisa, kanye nokupholisa imoto yemoto. Udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokupholisa lunesilinganiso esifanele sokuphola emanzini. Udinga futhi ukuqinisekisa amandla adonsela phansi apholile (ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka okulungile ekuqothulweni nase-boiliver), futhi uzodinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okungcola okupholile okungadala ukwehluleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Kunezindlela ezimbalwa ezisheshayo nezilula zokuhlola okupholile. Enye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezilula zokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-coolant ine-PH Test Strips. Le michilo yamaphepha e-litmus yenzelwe ukusabela ku-pH noma amandla adonsela phansi apholile. Uchwepheshe umane anciphise umucu endaweni epholile, futhi umucu uzosabela ngombala ohambisana neshadi ukukutshela ukuthi yiluphi izinga lokushisa elizokuvikela kulo.
Elinye ithuluzi elikhulu lokuhlola i-PH epholile yi-hydrometer. Leli thuluzi lisebenzisa i-Optics ukubheka okupholile. Ubeka ithonsi lokuphola endaweni yokuhlola, vala ipuleti lesembozo bese ubheka ukubona okubukwayo. Isikali esikrinini sokubuka sizokunikeza i-PH ye-PH ye-CoolAnt futhi ubheka lokho ngokumelene nesilinganiso esinikezwe ithuluzi. Zombili lezi zindlela zinikeza imiphumela engaguquki futhi enembile futhi ikuvumele uqinisekise isidingo sokushintsha okupholile.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ngesikhathi sokulungisa isivivinyo sokucindezela. Lokhu empeleni kuzoba izivivinyo ezimbili ezihlukile. Isivivinyo esisodwa ozowenza kulo lonke uhlelo lokupholisa lususa uhlelo lokupholisa (le cap kungenzeka kube kwi-radiator noma ku-reservor yohlelo olupholile). Ukuhlolwa kwesibili futhi, ngokulinganayo uma kungabalulekanga kangako, kungukuhlolwa kohlelo lokupholisa. Lokhu kuhlola kubalulekile ngoba i-cap yithuluzi elawula iphuzu elibilayo kanye nophawu lwesistimu. Kunezitayela eziningana zokuhlola izingcindezi zohlelo lokuhlola olutholakalayo. Bonke banezinto ezithile ezifanayo. Umhloli uzoba ne-adaptha noma isethi yama-adapter ukuvumela ukuthi uyixhume kuwo womabili uhlelo lwemoto kanye ne-cap epholile. Umhloli uzoba ne-gauge ezokufundela okungenani ingcindezi yokufunda futhi abanye bazohlola i-vacuum. Uhlelo lokupholisa lungahlolwa ngengcindezi noma i-vacuum. Umgomo ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho besistimu (akukho ukuvuza). Abahloli abathuthukile bazoba nekhono lokuhlola hhayi nje kuphela i-vacuum nengcindezi, kodwa futhi namazinga okushisa. Lokhu kumele kube nokuhlonza izimo zokushisa ngokweqile. (Okuningi kulokhu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.)
Hhayi-ke, ubheke ngohlelo, uhlole i-PH ngesinye sezindlela ezingenhla, wenza ukuhlolwa kwengcindezi, futhi uthathe isinqumo sokuphola okudinga ukushintshwa. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu. Ngizokhuluma ngezindlela ezimbalwa ezivame kakhulu. Indlela eyayizama-neqiniso, esetshenzisiwe kusukela uHenry Ford kuqala wafaka ikhanda lakhe epanini lamafutha, amandla adonsela phansi. Vula i-PetCock noma ipulaki le-Drain ohlelweni futhi aker uklebhule ... noma Drow njengoba kungenzeka!
... Ummm, uHouston sinenkinga! Yep, uyiqagele! Izimoto eziningi ezintsha azinawo ama-plugs ohlelweni. Manje-ke yini? Kahle lokho kuya ngemoto kanye nemishini yakho yesitolo. Izinketho zakho zizokhulula i-hose (eshibhile, engcolile, engaphelele); ukudonsa okususa nokugcwalisa (okungabizi kakhulu, okusebenzayo, okusheshayo); noma ukushintshaniswa koketshezi kusetshenziswa umshini wensizakalo ka-fluid (ebiza kakhulu, esebenza kahle kakhulu, isikhathi- nemali-sander ngokuhamba kwesikhathi).
Uma uya okhethwa kukho - usebenzisa amandla adonsela phansi njengomngane wakho - ungabheka amanye amathuluzi angenza usuku lwakho lube ngcono. Eyodwa i-funnel enkulu. Le mizila epulasitiki injengomlomo omkhulu omkhulu ohlale ngaphezulu kwe-drain yakho epholile. Lezi zinkulu ngokwanele ukubamba wonke ama-drips ukuze ungabi isisulu esiphelele esitolo, i-bay kanye / noma wena. Lezi zinto zemidlalo eshibhile ekuqaleni zayenzelwe ukubamba uketshezi lokususa uketshezi, kepha zizokwenza umsebenzi omuhle ngokulinganayo lapha.
Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kulesi simo isethi enhle yamathuluzi we-radiator hook. Lawa mathuluzi abukeka njenge-screwdriver ehlehliswe ukulahla udoti. Ngezibambo ezinkulu ezimisiwe kanye namathiphu agobile futhi ahlangene angena ngaphansi kwephuzu, la mathuluzi angasetshenziselwa ukukhulula i-radiator kanye ne-heater hoses ebiye "ezitolo zamanzi. Lawa mathuluzi azophula uphawu ngaphandle kokusika noma ukuklebhula ama-hoses. Uma uhamba umzila ophansi wezobuchwepheshe, kufanele utshale imali kwi-spill-free radiator gcwalisa i-funnel. Leli thuluzi likuvumela ukuthi ugcwalise uhlelo lokupholisa ubuyela emuva ngaphandle kokwethula umoya omningi ongeziwe (umoya omubi!). Leli thuluzi elingabizi kumele libe nezimoto namaloli amaningi amnandi kakhulu wanamuhla ngokucushwa lapho ikhala (i-radiator) liphansi kunezingxenye zohlelo lokupholisa. Ithuluzi lisiza ukususa izingidi zomoya nama-bubble. Lawa maphakethe womoya angadala ukwehluleka kwezinzwa, abeke amakhodi amanga, adale ngokweqile nezinye izimangaliso ezimbi.
Inketho Yesibili i-vacuum drain and gcwalisa uhlelo. Lawa mathuluzi, asetshenziswa ngumoya wesitolo, azokusiza ukhiphe futhi ugcwalise uhlelo ngaphandle kokudideka nokukhathazeka okuhambisana nokukhishwa kwamandla adonsela phansi bese ugcwalisa. Amathuluzi anezindlela ezimbaxambili ezilawulwa nge-valve. Ubeka i-valve ngesikhundla esisodwa ukuze ukhiphe uhlelo, bese ukwazi ukwethula okupholile ohlelweni ngaphansi kwe-vacuum (akukho moya!). Lawa mathuluzi, ngenkathi ebiza kakhulu kunama-funnels aphansi we-Tech Spill-free, abiza izindleko ezingeziwe futhi uzozikhokhela ekuqedeni okubuyayo futhi alwe nalezo zimoto ezinzima ongasoze wazithola ukuze u-burp!
Inketho yokugcina yohlobo lwe-fluid ukusetshenziswa komshini opholile. Le mishini isebenza ngendlela efanayo emishini yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha. Umshini unalo uchungechunge lwama-valves alawule ukugeleza koketshezi. U-opharetha ufaka "tee" ohlelweni lwemoto, imvamisa e-heater hose. Uketshezi lususwa futhi lwathathelwa indawo lolu xhuma. Kwezinye izimo, i-tee ishiywe endaweni, kanti kwezinye izinhlelo uchwepheshe ufaka i-tee inneal okwesikhashana bese uyisusa ngemuva kwenkonzo. Usebenzisa i-vacuum, umshini ukhipha uhlelo, kwezinye izimo wenza isheke lokuvuza bese lizothatha uketshezi olupholile nge-coolont entsha. Imishini isukela kusuka ku-audiward ngokuphelele ukuze isebenze ngokugcwele. Ngenkathi umshini wokushintshana opholile ubiza kakhulu, wenza umqondo omuhle wezitolo ezinamandla. Le mishini futhi yenza lula ukuhambisana nezidingo zokulahlwa kwamanzi amadala. Ekugcineni, imishini ihlinzeka ngokonga izakhiwo kanye nokushintshana okuphelele koketshezi oludala, kuqinisekisa uhlelo olusebenzayo olusebenza kahle.
Ukuxilongwa kwesistimu yokupholisa
Lapho ikhasimende lifika ngezinkinga zokupholisa zohlelo, isikhalazo ngokuvamile: "Imoto yami ishiye ngokweqile!" Izikhathi eziningi inkinga isobala ngokushesha. Ibhande elilahlekile, i-hose ephukile, i-radiator evuzayo yonke ilula ukuthola nokulungisa. Kuthiwani ngaleyo moto ekhombisile izibonakaliso ezisobala zokuhluleka kwezingxenye, kepha nakanjani iyafudumala kakhulu? Kukhona, njengoba wazi, izizathu eziningi ezingadala lolu hlobo lwenkinga. Ngifuna ukukunikeza imibono embalwa yamathuluzi okungenzeka ukuthi awukaze ucabangele ukungeza kwi-arsenal yakho yokuthola izinkinga zohlelo lokupholisa.
Owokuqala yisibhamu sokushisa esihle se-infrared. Leli thuluzi lingaba usizo lokuxilonga imikhawulo kuhlelo lokupholisa, libheka izinga lokushisa lokuvula le-thermostat kanye nezinye izivivinyo eziningi.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kunamathuluzi wokuhlola ingcindezi amahle afaka okushisa njengenye yezivivinyo abazenzayo. Ngokuhlola uhlelo ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ungahlonza kahle inkinga. Ungaqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kanjani, futhi wazi kahle ukuthi liyini izinga lokushisa nengcindezi ngasikhathi sinye. Kubalulekile ukukwazi ukuthola ukuthi kwenzekani ngohlelo lokupholisa.
Ithuluzi elilodwa engicabanga ukuthi alisetshenziswa ngokwanele ekuhlolweni kwezinhlelo zokupholisa yidayi ye-ultraviolet. Ngokwethula udayi ohlelweni lokupholisa bese uligijimela ekushiseni, ungaqinisekisa ngokubukeka okusolwayo ngaphambi kokwenza imisebenzi ebizayo yabasebenzi. Uma isetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-UV Borescope, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, unenhlanganisela enamandla yokuxilonga.
Ukupholisa ukulungisa uhlelo
Kunamathuluzi amaningi okulungisa uhlelo lokupholisa engicabanga ukuthi abucayi futhi anesidingo, kepha isikhathi nendawo ukungivimbela ekuhluni konke. Ngingathanda ukusho nje abambalwa engicabanga ukuthi benza umqondo omuhle ngobuchwepheshe abaningi ababa nabo ebhokisini labo.
Iqoqo eliphelele lamathuluzi we-hose pick-off. Lawa mathuluzi azokonga usuku, isikhathi nesikhathi futhi. Ngokuvimba i-inlet kanye nokuphuma kwe-hoses kusuka ku-radiator, ungakususa ngokulahleka koketshezi okuncane. Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, iqoqo lamathuluzi we-hose pick ukungeza. Kufanele ube nosayizi obuningi nobude obusuka obuncanyana kuya kwesiqhwaga. Lokhu kuzokwenza umsebenzi omubi kube lula futhi kungakusindisa ukulahlekelwa usuku ulindele indawo yokubuyisela esikhundleni. Lokho kuyithuluzi elibiza kahle izindleko.
Ngithanda kakhulu amathuluzi okushayela ama-hose clamp aguqukayo. Lawa mathuluzi angenxa yesitayela sesikulufu esetshenziswe ezimotweni eziningi zaseYurophu, kanye nezikhathi ezifanele ze-aftermarket ezisetshenziswa njengokubuyiselwa. I-shaft ivumelana nezimo ngokwanele ukuvumela ukufinyelela ezindaweni eziqinile futhi usengathola i-torque eyanele ukuze ususe futhi ufake ama-clamps. Ekhuluma ngamathuluzi we-hose clamp, elinye kufanele libe nethuluzi eliphakeme le-hose clamp plier. Lawa mathuluzi asebenza ngentambo ekuqaleni abukwa ngabaningi njengethuluzi lokunethezeka noma ithoyizi. Manje azisondelwe. Izimoto eziningi zinamathela ezindaweni ezivinjelwe ezivinjelwe ezisusa isifinyezo ngaphandle kwaleli thuluzi kunzima uma kungenzeki.
Isikhathi sePosi: Oct-25-2022